Conventional warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the present
In: Critical essays warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the present
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In: Critical essays warfare in South Asia, 1947 to the present
In: Journal of peace research, Band 54, Heft 5, S. 674-686
ISSN: 1460-3578
Unable to attract enough voluntary recruits, many rebel groups rely on force to fill their ranks. Given that the group used force to compel individuals to join, a coerced conscript would be presumed unlikely to be loyal and would be expected to desert at the first opportunity. Yet, groups that have relied on coerced recruitment retain their members just as well as, if not better than, rebel armies that rely on voluntary methods of recruitment. This is a puzzle. How do rebel groups maintain allegiance and prevent desertion, especially if they rely on abduction to staff their ranks? A recruit can be forced to join a rebel group, but continuing to rely on coercion to enforce retention is too costly and not sustainable. These groups must find a way to reduce the costs of retention. The solution to this puzzle rests in the mechanisms of socialization that shape the allegiance of forcibly recruited soldiers. Socialization mechanisms are traced through three outcomes: compliance (or Type 0 socialization), role learning (Type I socialization), and norm internalization (Type II socialization). Integrating socialization theory and a rational choice analysis demonstrates that mechanisms that alter preferences through Type II socialization are effective in retaining recruits; the highest level of retention occurs when several mechanisms work in concert. Illustrative case studies of the Lord's Resistance Army from Uganda, the Revolutionary United Front in Sierra Leone, the Maoists in Nepal, and the Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy (LURD) show that a reliance on child soldiers, group assets (pecuniary and non-pecuniary), organizational structure, and the nature of military contestation shape when different mechanisms are effective or not.
In: International area studies review: IASR, Band 18, Heft 1, S. 3-3
ISSN: 2049-1123
In: Child Soldiers: From Recruitment to Reintegration, S. 29-49
In: Journal of peace research, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 253-253
ISSN: 1460-3578
In: Journal of peace research, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 253
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: Journal of peace research, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 253
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: Journal of peace research, Band 40, Heft 1, S. 130-131
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: Journal of peace research, Band 40, Heft 1, S. 130-131
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: The journal of conflict resolution: journal of the Peace Science Society (International), Band 46, Heft 1, S. 111-130
ISSN: 1552-8766
Civil war is fought between two political organizations, the state and a rebel group. Myriad theories of civil war have examined the role of state institutions and state strength, but little attention has been devoted to theorizing about rebel organizations themselves. The organizational structure of rebel groups is examined to understand patterns of recruitment and allegiance. Drawing on principal-agent analysis of participation and incentive compatibility constraints and the analytical tradition of rent-seeking contests, a model is developed to demonstrate that three factors—geography, ethnicity, and ideology—play an important role in determining military success, deterring defection within the rebel group, and shaping recruitment.
In: Journal of peace research, Band 39, Heft 1, S. 132-133
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: The journal of conflict resolution: journal of the Peace Science Society (International), Band 46, Heft 1, S. 111-130
ISSN: 0022-0027, 0731-4086
Civil war is fought between two political organizations, the state & a rebel group. Myriad theories of civil war have examined the role of state institutions & state strength, but little attention has been devoted to theorizing about rebel organizations themselves. The organizational structure of rebel groups is examined to understand patterns of recruitment & allegiance. Drawing on principal-agent analysis of participation & incentive compatibility constraints & the analytical tradition of rent-seeking contests, a model is developed to demonstrate that three factors -- geography, ethnicity, & ideology -- play an important role in determining military success, deterring defection within the rebel group, & shaping recruitment. 3 Figures, 32 References. [Copyright 2002 Sage Publications, Inc.]
In: Journal of peace research, Band 39, Heft 5, S. 641-642
ISSN: 0022-3433
In: American political science review, Band 95, Heft 4, S. 1043-1044
ISSN: 1537-5943
In: Journal of peace research, Band 38, Heft 4, S. 541-541
ISSN: 1460-3578